
v, : v>jm's 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

' ^^ns¥ 1*. 


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Shelf., ^ ( b *\ 


i JNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 












































DESCRIPTION OF CHART. 


-O- 

The Arteries are shown in a light red. 

The Veins are shown a deep red. 

These colors are usually found when cutting for them, 
in death. 

Sometimes, however, they are in more of a brown, or 
yellowish cast. 

THE ARTERIES. 


A 

Illustrates the 

common Carotid Artery 

B 

u 

i i 

Brachial 

C 

< t 

«. 

Femoral 

D 

a 

wC 

Abdominal xAorta 

E 

«w 

(. 

left common Illiac “ 

F 

U 

t < 

right common Illiac ‘‘ 

G 

. t 

(< 

Arch of the Aorta Artery. 


- 

- 

THE VEINS. 

J 

Illustrates the 

External Jugular Vein. 

KK “ 

k t 

Long Internal Sephaneous 1,4 

L 

b * 

i < 

Superior Vena Cava u 

M 

U 

( ( 

Basilic “ 

B 

a 

u 

Cephalic 44 


NOTE.—The other Arteries shown and not described, are of 
no use or importance in embalming the dead. 




































































I 





AN 


ILLUSTRATED 

AND 

PRACTICAL TREATISE 

ON 


CHEMICAL EMBALMING, 


ELEMENTED IN PLAIN COMMON SENSE TERMS, 
THAT ALL CAN COMPREHEND 
AND UNDERSTAND, 


AND 


GIVING THE TECHNICAL TERMS OF THE 
DIFFERENT VEINS, ARTERIES. &C., 

OF SUCH AS ARE USED IN 


EMBALMING. 


DESIGNED TO INSTRUCT THE UNEDUCATED, IN ALL THE 
VARIOUS WAYS OF EMBALMING AND PRESERVING 
BODIES, AND FITTING THEM FOR 
PROFESSIONAL DUTIES. 






/ 






c<: o 


.... 2 , 18 M 

No JlUlfy 

' 7- * 

PUBLISHED ONLY BY THE ' V/AV _>*'* 

CLARKE CHEMICAL WORKS, 

SPRINGFIELD, OHIO. 

l88l. 


































. C <o\ 


ENTERED, ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR lS8l, RY 

$ 

J. H. CLARKE, 

SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, 

AT WASHINGTON, D. C. 


PRINTED BY 
H. S. L1MBOCKER, 


SPRINGFIELD, O 

























PREFACE. 


o 



N PREPARING this work for the Profession, no pains have been 
spared in bringing to light such features as will be of the 
very most important character for consideration. 


It is not a hand-book of references for the professional embalmer, 
but a Text Book for the learner, and to those who have an interest 
in advancing their business. 

It has been the aim of the Author to avoid all technicalities in 
his instructions, and to give information in such terms that will be 
readily comprehended. 

By its study, the undertaker is enabled to raise himself from the 
ordinary to the professional, to cope with all engaged in the art, and 
to keep pace with progression in all that pertains to his business. 





























1 


Objects of Enjbalngiijg*. 


r is readily understood that Chemical Embalming - 
is fast gaining its way into popular favor. The 
old idea of hurrying of!' to the graveyard a corpse 
almost before it is cold, for fear it should smell 
badly,—or the more improved plan of sticking them into 
an ice box and freezing, was considered one of the great 
improvements of the age and was heralded far and near. 
But since science has made a step forward and assured 
the world that nothing (with the American people) is 
impossible. We are eagerly adapting the manv means 
daily brought forward to enable us to produce the de¬ 
sired result, and no branch has been more sadly neg 
lected than the art of embalming and funeral directing 
With this, like everything else, a liberal amount of 
humbuggerv has been practiced upon the profession, 
and vet you will not say because you once took a coun¬ 
terfeit dollar, that you will not take any more money 
from any one for fear it might prove bad. 

But let your experience be your guide, and be ever 
ready to take up such new features as will enable you to 
pass onward and upward to the head, using care and 
good judgment at all times. 












Organs of Circulation 


v refering to the Chart the reader can readily 
understand the relative position of each class 
of the blood vessels, and observe such points j 
as are essential to the art of Embalming. The 
Veins are colored in a deep red, and the Arteries in a 
light red, exactly the colors that will be present when 
you come to hunt for them; so that no mistake may oc¬ 
cur, but will enable the operator to more readily discern 
which vessel is the one he wishes to use. They are let¬ 
tered “ A,” “ B,” “C,” and so on, and are clearly pointed 
\ 

out, so that anyone inexperienced can readily find them 
without the aid of a physician, or an experienced 
Embalmer. 

THE AORTA ARTERY 

and branches are in a light red or a yellowish hue. 

I) shows the abdominal Aorta Artery, which is the 
main trunk of the arteries, and connects with the left 
Auricle of the Heart, ascending it forms the arch of the 
Aorta, then descending on the left side and terminating 
The fourth lumbar vertebrae is here divided into the rieht 
add left common Illiac Arteries, and their continuation is 
known as the Femoral Arteries. 

Letter “H” shows the Arch of the Aorta, the two 
Carotid Arteries ascending, and at the right and left 

subclavion. “ A” shows the left Carotid artery: and is 

•/ ' 

the one always used for injecting colored fluid for anat- 
tomical and dissecting use in the medical college, as it is 















3 


the most direct tor reaching the whole system having 
direct connection with the heart. 

This artery lies in close promoxity to the jugular 
vein, is large and strong, and can easily be found by 
placing the fingers on your own neck, and observing 
tbe pulsation. It is also on a straight line from the 
point in the chest bone to the lower part of the ear. 

THE BRACHIAL ARTERY, “B,” 

“is located inside the arm, above the elbow,” and is very 
much used in injecting. It is very convenient, and of 
easy access to the whole body, and some professionals 
use it entirely. It commences below the elbow, ascends 
the arm, and lies directly between the muscle and bone 
of the arm. It is crossed by smaller veins, which are 
sometimes cut, in finding the artery. 

THE FEMORAL ARTERY, “C,” 

is very easily found and will admit of a very strong 
pump. It is used very largely by most embalmers. 
This is really the main artery and can be injected several 
times, allowing a few minutes interval between times. 
Care should be used in injecting this artery, that it does 
not depress the other vessels, and thus cause the face and 
neck to blacken. 

This artery is the continuation of the external Illiac. 
It commences immediately behind the poupartis liga¬ 
ment, and passes down the fore part and inner side ot the 
thigh, and lies close to the long sephaneous vein. 










s 


4 

The Veins. 


eins are colored in a deep red, and in tracing 
them it is found that their position is generally 
near the arteries, sometimes over, and sometimes 
underlying. They are nearly as large as the 
arteries, and may be readily known by their color, and 
their transparent state. The walls are somewhat col¬ 
lapsed and do not stand up firm as do the arteries. 

Their office during life is to collect the carbonized 
blood and conduct it to the ascending- and descending 
vena cam, thus reaching the heart and lungs. The veins 
are full of valves and the smaller ones usually burst, if 
too strong a pressure is produced in injecting them. 
After death they are generally full of clotted blood and 
other fluids, and especially is this the case when the 
fluids of the body have not been exhausted by prolonged 
sickness, and this is the cause of the face and neck turn¬ 
ing black from the inky, or eclymoyd condition of these 

o » . 

fluids as soon as the gases generate sufficiently to fill the 

o o 

cavities. 

The Long Sapheneous Vein, K K, commences 
from a minute plexus in the inner part of the foot, and 
ascends in front of the inner side of the leg. At the 

o 

knee it passes backward, and ascends along the inside of 
the thigh, and terminates in the Femoral vein. This 
vein receives in its course cutaneous branches from the 
leg and thigh. We sometimes make an incision at the 
lower and upper part of this vein, to empty them in ex¬ 
treme cases. 














o 


The Jugular Veins. These veins are four in 
number, viz: The Posterior external jugular, the Ante¬ 
rior jugular, and the Internal jugular. The External 
jugular vein, U J," is the one to be used in embalming, as 
it is nearest the surface, and is more readily reached. It 
is of a reddish or brown color, and is not often used, ex¬ 
cepting to relieve the face and neck from the darkened 
condition which sometimes occurs in sudden deaths, 
caused bv shooting in the head, hanging, and similar 
cases. It also aids you in finding and discriminating be¬ 
tween the vein and carotid artery. 

The Vena Cava Vein, “L.” This vein receives 
the blood which is conveyed to the heart from the whole 
of the upper part of the body, but is not used at all in in¬ 


jecting. 

The Basilic Vein, U N." The Basilic is a vein of 
considerable size, and is situated along the inner side of 
the elbow, receives the Median Basilic (which connects 
the Cephalic) and passing upwards along the inner side 
of the arm, and ascends in the course of the brachial ar¬ 
tery, and terminates in the axillary vein. 

The Cephalic Vein, “R This vein courses 
along the large (Biceps) muscle of the arm. It then 
passes upwards and finally connects with the external 
jugular vein. Is very often used in relieving the face 
and neck of the blackened condition which very often 


occurs. 











§ 


0 

Directions for Ordinary Embalming, 

^’n handling an ordinary case in warm weather, 
where the body is only to be kept for two or 
^ three days, I would suggest—after washing the 
body with water, and then wiping dry—to then 
wash the body thoroughly with the Balm, by using a 
sponge or lather brush. Then place the body in an in¬ 
clined position, with the head from six to twelve inches 
higher than the body. You should inject the rectum, 

and close with cotton or soft rags. Then through tire 
mouth, inject the stomach, using from one to two pints 
of “ Balm ” for adults, and from one-fourth pint to a pint 
for children. If you find the throat closed, and the 
jaws set, it is not necssary to break the jaw loose, but 
inject through the nostrils. 

If, however, the passage should be closed, your best 
remedy is a large catheter, “ No. 12.Introduce this 
catheter in the nostril as far as the wire (in the catheter), 
is bent, or curved. There hold the wire firmly in one 
hand, and with the other, slide the catheter off, and 
down into the stomach. Bv this means you open up 
the closed parts of the throat, and reach the stomach 
without any trouble. Then draw the wire out. Now 
attach the smallest tube to your pump, or syringe, place 
the point in the end of the catheter, and you can easily 
inject any desired quantity you wish, using from one to 
two pints of the “ Balm.” Apply cloths or towels to 
the abdomen ‘and chest; also cover the face and neck 
with cloths saturated with the “ Balm,” and keep the 
body in this (inclined) position during the first day and 
night, after which it can be dressed and placed in the 
casket; not forgetting, however, to keep the cloths 
well saturated with the “Balm” as by this vou will have 
a beautiful and life-like corpse. 











1 


U 

*7 


i 


l 

> 


Special, and Obstinate Cases. 

n more obstinate cases,—and where the body is to 
be preserved for a longer period,—it is necessary 


mucous matter or fluids that may be gotten out of 
it. This is easiest done by turning the body on the side, 
allowing the head to droop a little lower than the body, 
and over the side of the bed or couch, and by pressing 
on the stomach with the knee, the contents will usually 
pass out. If this does not produce the desired effect, I 
would have you inject some lukewarm water down the 
throat, about a pint. In a few moments, turn the body 
over, and if inconveniently large, or heavy, allow the 
stomach to rest on the edge of the bed. Incline the 
head a little lower, and the fluids will all run out, after 
which replace to its natural position, and inject the 
“ Balm," about two to four pints. This will neutralize, 
and destroy all the formations of gases, and arrest putri- 
faction and decay. Then close the throat and nostrils 
with cotton saturated with the Sf Balm.” If the cheeks 
are sunken, lay a piece of saturated cotton in the mouth, 
outside the teeth, or gums, which will fill the face out to 
its natural, or life like appearance. 

The next manner of procedure is to introduce your 
trocar, or sharp pointed instrument into the abdomen, 
about an inch below the naval, and point first direct into 
the bowels. “It will not penetrate the bowels, as they 
are tough and will give way." It is necessary to work 
the instrument back and forth a little to allow the 



















s 


accumulated gas to pass off. Then draw the instrument 
nearly out and start down towards the lower part ot 

the abdomen. Also to the right and left, as in the first 
place, by this means you reach all parts ot the abdomen 
by making only one opening. 

After the gases have all passed ofl, inject from two 
to four pints of the Balm 1 ' and close the opening, by 
taking a stitch or two, or with a strong silk adhesive 
plaster. I would also recommend in this case, to tap the 
bladder by introducing the trocar about two or three in¬ 
ches from the penis,—or uterus ; or in the right or left of 
tne lower part of the abdomen. Then turn the body on 
the side, and if the urine should not pass off sufficiently 
raise the body to a sitting position, and all will run out. 
Then lay the body down and inject one-fourth to one 
pint “ Balm,” and close the opening as in the upper part 
of the abdomen. 

When the case is of a very difficult kind, and much 
had odor is found, disinfect the room and body, by 
sprinkling the “ Balm ” about the room, and occasionally 
throw a little in the vessel used to receive the contents 
of the stomach and bowels. If a half pint of the “ Balm ” 

is injected into the stomach before emptying, it will de¬ 
stroy the bad odor arising therefrom. 

In this case I would recommend to keep the corpse 
on the incline for three (3) to four (4) days, that is, 
when you wish to keep it for six, eight, or ten days, for 
burial. It is not necessary to keep the cloth on the face 
during the daytime (after the third day), but it is well 
to keep it dampened during the night ; also on the chest 
and abdomen. This you can do very readily by satur- 






9 


ating sponges of sufficient size, placing one on the face, 
and one on the abdomen. This will avoid constant 
watching, and the necessity of sitting up with the 
corpse. 

A few more suggestions for closing the mouth may 
not come amiss. You may sometimes find the mouth 
wide open, the lower lip hanging down, and will not of 
its own accord remain closed. Some recommend the 
use of wax (shoemaker’s wax), and it answers a very 
good purpose, by softening the wax, and placing it in¬ 
side the mouth, around the teeth, and holding the mouth 
with the hand until the wax becomes cold. Another 
wav, is to take a stitches in the gums, above and below, 
and drawing the mouth together. Tie the threads and 
cut them to make it invisible. The experience of the 
writer is that the most effectual way as yet known, is 
the use of dental plaster paris; you can get it of any 
dru2T<rist or dentist. This is to be done after the throat 
has been effectually closed. Take about a tablespoonful 
of the dry plaster, and add a teaspoonful of common salt 
to one ounce of water, and after dissolving, mix the 
plaster with the salt water to the consistency of thick 
cream. Open the mouth a little, draw the under lip up 
to its natural position, and put the plaster solution inside, 
allowing it to rest on, outside and inside the teeth. Then 
close the mouth, and wipe away that which might 
remain on the outer part of the lips. Hold the mouth in 
its natural position for half a minute, and the work is 
complete. A nice, clean, tidy and well preserved corpse 
is a card for the undertaker that will do him much good, 
and cause the friends to think of him in more than a 







io 


friendly way. In a word, strive to make every case you 
attend to, be better than the last one. 

: 

The use of the “ Fragrant Balm ” as a sanitary means 
of health should not he neglected. If there is any had 
odor in the house, caused either by the corpse or damp¬ 
ness, or of a musty character, a liberal use of the.“ Balm " 
sprinkled about the room, or in any place where stench j 
or had odor is found. It will soon remove and purify the 
place, and make it pure and healthy. 




























11 


Arterial Embalming, 


INCASES OF DROWNING. 

s soon as you can get possession of the corpse, 
lay it face down on a barrel, and by holding the 
feet up, roll the barrel back and forth. This is 
necessary to get all the water from the stomach. 
(This sometimes restores life, when it seems to have left 
the body). This is done for some time, until you have 
obtained nearly or quite all the water from the stomach 
and lungs. Then lay the body on the cooling board, 
and in an inclined position. Now introduce your trocar 
into the abdomen and let all the gases pass oft'. Be par¬ 
ticular that the gases thoroughly escape from the body, 
as that is very important, indeed, to aid the process of 
preservation. Now inject all the “ Balm ” that the cav¬ 
ity will seem to hold, and sew it up. 

Next introduce the trocar into the bladder. Lav the 
corpse on the side, or place it in a sitting position, to 
allow the bladder *to empty. After this, inject from a 
pint to a quart of “ Balm,” and sew up the opening. 

The stomach is next. If you think there is no more 
water remaining, fill the stomach through the mouth 
or nostrils, close them as before, and use the plaster paris 

| 

tor the mouth. 

If the corpse has been drowned for two or three 
days, I would inject the Femoral , or Carotid artery,— 
all that it will hold. In thirty minutes, or an hour, re-in¬ 
ject the same artery, as much of the “ Balm ” will be 



























as 

taken up by the capillaries of the body, and is ready to 
receive more. It is advisable to use (for an adult), from 
one to two gallons in the arteries, in extreme cases. 
This done, cover the face, chest and hands with towels 
well saturated with the u Balm,” and keep the body on 
as much of an incline as is possible, until shortly before 
the funeral, or to be placed in the casket if it is to be 
shipped. 

In case the head, face and neck remain black, you 
should tap the Cephalic vein on the right arm, and .open 
the same vein in the left arm. Inject water mixed with 
a little of the “Balm,” and drive all the blood out 
of the veins. Then tie the opening on the left arm 
and inject the u Balm ” towards the body in the right. 
This will neutralize the coagulated blood in the veins, 
drive the blood out, and the “Balm ” will do its work 
to your entire satisfaction. 

If the corpse is a female, the Carotid artery will be 
preferable ; but it should be opened as low down on the 
neck as will enable you to handle it readily. Do not 
forget to disinfect the body before vou commence ; also 
wash your hands with the “Balm.” 














13 



A. 

ou will usually find the body, or rather the head, 
face, and neck, very much discolored. This is 
due to the sudden fracture of many of the minor 
blood vessels about the neck and head, which is 
caused bv the sudden nature of the death, and should he 
handled with great care. It is a case similar to that of 
suicide bv hanging, or a blow upon the head, causing 
death. It should he treated as follows : 

First, tap the Basilic vein at M, or Cepalic vein 
at R. Then open the same vein or veins on the 
other arm and inject the “ Balm," which will cause the 
blood to flow out at the other opening. When vou have 
the blood all out, inject the veins full with the “ Balm.” 
Then tie the veins and proceed to tap the Brachial Ar¬ 
tery at B, and inject it full, allowing a little time 
to fill the capillaries, and then inject them again. After 
this attend to the stomach and bowels as before, and 
keep the corpse in an inclined position until you are 
readv to dress and put in the casket. Don't forget to 
keep the face, head, and neck, well covered with to,, els, 
saturated with “ Balm." Should the hands remain black 
and purple, raise them and rub the hands and wrists 
towards the elbow, and ligate the arm (tie it) above or 
near the elbow. 









14 


In Cases of Low Type Fevers, 

disinfect the corpse thoroughly, and the room by sprink¬ 
ling or spraying the “ Balm " about the room, before 
commencing to operate. This is very important, indeed, 
and should never be neglected. This is necessary as a 
sanitary means, and to prevent contagion. 

The condition of the system sometimes is of such a 
character as to readily receive the poisonous effects of 
bad fumes, arising from a corpse of this kind, which 
might produce a disease dr sickness that would prove 
fatal. 

This done, proceed to empty the stomach and inject 
the Halm," and close in the usual manner. Also the 
abdomen and bladder. Inject and close the rectum. 

Tap the Brachial artery at B, and inject from two to 
four quarts of “Balm,” if a very bad case, and you wish 
to keep the corpse two, three, or four weeks. Inject the 
Carotid artery at A, or the Femoral artery at C. Keep 
the face, neck, chest and abdomen well covered with 
towels saturated with the “Balm,” and vou are sure of 
success. 











15 


11) Cjjild-Birth. 



p very undertaker knows this to be a very difficult 
kind of subject to handle, and all dread the idea 
of insuring success, especially when the friends 
decline to give you ascess to the body. It is 
well to reassure the friends, that your honor to you is as 
sacred in handling the female dead as that of a physi¬ 
cian, and in order to bring about desirable results, you 
must have access, with such lady assistants as you can 
command. Secure some true and trusty lady that is a 
mother, and has an abundance ot sound, common sense, 
and not afraid of a dead person. Explain to her what 
you want done, and sec and know that she has done her 


part. 

First inject the uterus (after washing thoroughly), 
and till with cotton, thoroughly saturated with the 
“Balm.” 

Next inject the rectum, and seal in the usual manner. 
Then wrap with a large diaper, and let it extend down 
the limbs and up around the abdomen. This is the work 
of your lady assistant, and should be done thoroughly. 

Next attend to the stomach. Be sure you have it 
thoroughlv cleansed of all the fluids, gases, etc., and 
then inject through the nostrils, or mouth. (A No. 12 
catheter is very essential in this case). Use the “Balm” 
freely, and close the throat and nostrils. It is well in 
this case to use the plaster paris in sealing the mouth. 

This done, insert the trocar (this you can do through 





















ie> 

the clothing by cutting a slit an inch or two in the un¬ 
der garment), just below the naval, and also at each 
lower right and left part of the abdomen. Inject the 
“Balm” freely, and close the orifice with a stitch. It is 
sometimes necessary to put a little cotton in before sew¬ 
ing up. Cover the abdomen with towels extending 
over as much surface as possible of the body, and do not 
forget to keep this well saturated with “Balm." 

Now proceed to open the Cephalic vein in both 
arms, and inject the fluid in the right, allowing the blood 
to pass out of the left. In cases of this kind, there is 
generally a superabundance of blood in the veinous sys¬ 
tem, and should be removed to insure success. After 

♦ 

filling the veins, tie them. 

Next open the Brachial artery, B, or the Carotid ar¬ 
tery at A. The latter is more preferable, if acceptable 
to the friends. Make the incision as low down as you 
can, so as not to disfigure the appearance of the neck. 
Inject from one to two gallons of “Balm.” Close the 
opening nicely with needle and silk thread, by sewing 
over and under, same as a tailor would sew a rent in 
your coat or pants. Make it neat and tidy, it is just as 
easy, and is much better. I would suggest putting some 
cotton saturated with “Bal m ” in the opening before sew¬ 
ing, and then cover with flesh-colored silk adhesive 
plaster. 

Now place your corpse on an incline, just as much 
as you possibly can, and keep the face, neck, chest, and 
abdomen well covered for first two or three days and 
nights. Then dress your corpse, and when ready for 

















17 

burial or shipment, you can rest assured of the finest pos¬ 
sible results. 

If you find, however, that the blood is poisoned, as 
is sometimes the case, I would tap the long Sephaneous 
vein at the ankle, K, and upper part, K, and withdraw 
the blood. Or rather, inject at the lower opening with 
water, about one part “Balm,” and allow all the blood to 
pass out at the upper opening. 

* See that your hands are free from sores or cuts, and 
you should wash or bathe your hands occasionally with 
the Balm. Should you, however, become poisoned from 
the virus of the corpse at any time, a free use of the 
“Balm ' 1 will effectually destroy it at once. Confidence 
on your part, and a careful study of the instructions 
herein given will, with good judgment and plenty of 
common sense, bring about such results, as will com¬ 
mand for you the entire confidence of the community in 
which you operate. Never become excited, or show 
any signs of uneasiess. Keep quiet, calm and deliberate. 
Reassure your customers and the friends that you thor- 
|i oughly understand your business. Your future will 
grow brighter every day, and you will yourself be sur¬ 
prised at what progress you have made as an embalmer 

i 

of the dead. 














19 


Iq Cases of Dropsy. 


he body is usually found full of water, and some¬ 
times the limbs, “especially the lower,” unless 
the attending physician has removed it just pre- 
vious to death. These are cases comparatively 
difficult to handle successfully, and should be treated as 
follows: ‘ |j 

First, tap the abdomen near the naval and at each 
side, near the lower part of the body, with your trocar, 
and get out all the water you can. Move the instrument 
up and down, and at different angles, occasionally turn 
the body from one side to the other, to assist the action. 

The Limbs. You can use your knife, or scalpel, and 
open the skin at the ankles; and at such other places as 
the water may be located. Press or rub slowly towards 
the opening. Then inject in the limbs a little of the 
“Balm,” and close the opening with a stitch. 

The abdomen should be injected thoroughly, but not 
enough to cause the body to look swollen. 

Tap the Cephalic vein, M, on both arms, and inject 
three parts water and one part “Balm,” previously mixed, 
until you have driven all the blood out, Then inject 
with the “Balm,” (full strength), all the veins and capil- 
laries will hold. After this tie both ends and sew up. 

You should then inject the Brachial artery, B, allowing 
a little time between the first and second injections. 

If the case is of a very heavy person, I would recom¬ 
mend the opening of the Femoral artery, C. Inject tow- 



















• 19 

ards the body all you can get into it. Then close the 

J J © 

opening nicely with needle and silk thread. 

It may also be necessary to open the Sephaneous 
i veins at the lower and upper part, K, Iv, and inject water 
until you have removed all the blood. Then re-inject 
with the “Balm,” (full strength). 

The stomach should be attended to. As in other ob¬ 
stinate cases, keep the face, neck, chest and abdomen 
well covered with cloths thoroughly saturated with “Balm,” 
for at least three or four days. Observe the very import¬ 
ant feature of keeping the corpse on as much of an inclined 
position as possible. 

With this treatment of the subject, you are sure of sue 
cess and fine results. 
























so 


Consumplive Cases. 

| I 

here are many kinds of consumptive cases, and 
and yet all of them have so much similarity to 
each other, that it is difficult to determine the 
difference. We have prolonged, or lingering, 
dyspectic, or hasty consumption, consumption of the 
stomach and bowels, etc. 

In some cases, the lungs and stomach are rotten long 
before death, and immediately after death becomes a 
seeming uncontrollable mass of rotten, decomposed ani¬ 
mal matter. The body is thin and emaciated, and seems 
to be little more than skin and bones,—yet that “ little 
more” is the very worst element you have to contend 

•! 

with, and in some cases has been uncontrollable. 

The remedy is to inject into the stomach from one to 
two pints of warm water, mixed with a little “Balm,” 
and in a few moments empty the stomach. Repeat 
the operation two or three times, until you have relieved 

! 

the stomach entirely of all fluids, mucous, and other mat¬ 
ter that may be present. 

Now re-inject the stomach and lungs with pure 
“Balm,” all that they will hold without depressing too 
much. Then close the throat and nostrils, and introduce 
a trocar into the abdomen ; allow 7 the gases to pass off |J 
and inject the “Balm.” Also tap the bladder, inject one 
to two pints, and close the orifice with a stick, or some 
j| silk adhesive plaster. Inject and close the rectum. If a 
female corpse, the uterus should also receive attention. 



















Should the head, face and neck remain dark, or 
blackened, tap the Cephalic Vein at R, on both arms, 
and inject three parts water and one part “Balm,” until 
the blood has all passed out and then re-inject with pure 
“Balm.” Should this not prove sufficient, tap the Brach¬ 
ial Artery at B, and inject from one to three quarts of 
“Balm.” It is seldom required to use the arteries, unless 
you wish to keep a long time, or to ship a great distance. 
Vet it is so little trouble to do so, that it is always safe to 
use one of them. 

Do not neglect to keep the corpse on the incline,— 
and keep the face, neck, chest and abdomen well covered 
with towels thoroughly saturated with the “Balm.” 
The use of sponges will save constant attention. Should 
you wish to keep the corpse for two or three weeks, k 
would be well to allow it to remain on an incline for at 
least three days. 























Cases of Ossified Braig. 



iiese cases are not very numerous, but as yet have 
baffled the skill of most every professional cm- 
balmer who has undertaken a case. It is caused 
by various modes of death, and there seems to 
grow around the brain a searing, or coating, that pre¬ 
vents the preserving fluids from reaching it properly. 
The usual causes are from brainal fevers, sun strokes, 
stroke by lightning, suicide by hanging, pistol or gun 
shots, or by a blow upon the head. 

The treatment of this case, in addition to that of sun¬ 
stroke, or stroke by lightning, we present in the follow¬ 
ing, as a very valuable treatment, from Prof. Wayne: 

Puncture, (that is, introduce your trocar, a small 
one, if you have it), into the brain through the nasal pas¬ 
sages, directing it right up through the nose on either 
side, until you have reached the tissues of the brain, and 
inject the ‘‘Balm." Now allow the fluids to run out 
through your trocar, and re-inject two or three times ; 
withdraw your trocar occasionally to aid the flow. Then 
after you have relieved the brain of all the blood and 
fluids, lay the head back, or downward, and re-inject 
what the cavity will contain. After this, close the aper¬ 
ture with cotton saturated with the “Balm.” It may be 
necessary to fill the nasal cavity with a mixture of thin 
plaster paris and salt water, but not enough to cause it 
show from the outer side. 

This treatment of these very difficult cases, has 















S3 


proven the very best yet known. It is very much bet 
ter and easier than to open the skull, is less tedious, and 
requires no extra sett of instruments. 

The Author’s design from the beginning has been to 
use the plainest language, the simplest modes and meth¬ 
ods, and to present to the reader all the valuable infor¬ 
mation in as concise and instructive a manner as possi¬ 
ble, enabling all who can read and comprehend to be¬ 
come proficient in the Art of Embalming. 






















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PRICES: 


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ft. 

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PRICE LIST 


—OF— 

FRAGRANT BALM. 


1 dozen pints for - $ 6.00. 

2 ’’ ” ” - - 10 . 00 . 

5 gallon keg ” - - 15.00. 

10 ” ” ” - - 25.00. 


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